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Air pollution
Principle and Composition
Laser radar (Laser Radar) is a radar system that uses laser beams to detect the position, velocity, and other characteristic parameters of targets. Its operating principle involves emitting a detection signal (a laser beam) toward a target, then comparing the received signal—known as the target echo—that has been reflected back from the target with the original transmitted signal. After appropriate processing, this comparison allows the system to obtain valuable information about the target, such as its distance, azimuth, altitude, velocity, attitude, and shape. Consequently, laser radar can be used to detect, track, and identify targets like aircraft and missiles. The system consists of components including a laser transmitter, an optical receiver, a rotating platform, and an information-processing system. The laser converts electrical pulses into optical pulses and emits them; the optical receiver then converts the light pulses reflected from the target back into electrical pulses, which are sent to a display for visualization.
Category
According to their operating modes, LiDAR can be classified into pulsed LiDAR and continuous-wave LiDAR. Based on the detection technology used, it can be further divided into direct-detection LiDAR and coherent-detection LiDAR. By application scope, LiDAR can be categorized as follows: atmospheric measurement LiDAR (for measuring cloud height, atmospheric visibility, wind speed, and the composition and concentration of substances in the atmosphere); range-measuring LiDAR for test ranges; fire-control LiDAR for target tracking and identification; and guidance LiDAR.
Principles and Typical Applications of Atmospheric Lidar
Based on the interaction between laser light and atmospheric constituents, atmospheric physical parameters are retrieved by receiving and analyzing backscattered signals. The core process comprises three key steps: laser emission, signal scattering and reception, and data processing. It relies on core parameters such as the extinction coefficient and depolarization ratio to achieve precise monitoring of pollutants and meteorological elements, and is primarily applied in the following three major areas.
Pollution Monitoring: Real-time tracking of the vertical distribution and transport processes of aerosols, such as the spatiotemporal evolution of cross-border transport of dust storms.
Meteorological Research: Identify precipitation cloud systems and the distribution of ice/water phases by analyzing the depolarization ratio and extinction coefficient through cloud layers.
Temperature detection By utilizing Raman scattering or Rayleigh scattering signals, atmospheric temperature profiles can be retrieved with an accuracy of up to within 0.5 K.
In summary, atmospheric lidar, through the inversion of physical parameters and the integration of multiple technologies, has become an important tool for environmental monitoring and climate research. Its core advantages lie in its high spatiotemporal resolution (such as a detection range of 10 km and data updates at the second level) and its ability to precisely identify complex atmospheric components.
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Laser for Small-Volume Microchip Radar | mJ-class DPSS radar laser | Laser for mJ-J-class radar |
Laser for Atmospheric Lidar
The primary application area for Changchun New Industry’s lasers is atmospheric measurement LiDAR. For measurement scenarios involving aerosols, ozone, gaseous components, temperature, humidity, and wind profiling, we provide conventional laser products—including ultraviolet wavelengths of 266 nm and 355 nm, visible-light wavelength of 532 nm, and near-infrared wavelengths of 1064 nm, 1550 nm, and 1573 nm—for aerosol LiDAR, ozone LiDAR, Raman LiDAR, and other types of LiDAR systems. With the advancement of LiDAR technology in recent years, certain special wavelengths—such as 280 nm, 295 nm, 310 nm, 473 nm, 490 nm, and 560 nm—have also begun to be applied in atmospheric LiDAR systems.
Lasers used in LiDAR systems have particularly high requirements due to their specialized application scenarios. They must be capable of operating over a wide temperature range—from -20°C to 55°C—and also meet stringent specifications for low atmospheric pressure, vibration, and shock. This ensures that the laser can maintain thermal and mechanical stability over the long term even under various harsh operating conditions.
Below are some parameter selections for lasers typically used in atmospheric lidar systems.
1. Micro-pulse series: ● Air-cooled compact design | |
2. High-energy series: △DPS Series Diode-Pumped Nanosecond Pulse Laser Series: ● Air-cooled compact design | |
△ Xenon-lamp-pumped nanosecond pulse laser series: ● 50- 1000 mJ at 1064 nm |
Some scenarios and test spectra for lidar systems using lasers in the atmosphere.
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Atmospheric lidar | Laser radar guidance |
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Analysis of the Causes of Atmospheric Pollution Using Particle-Lidar Aerosol Radar | |
Changchun New Industries Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.
Address: No. 888 Jinhu Road, High-Tech Zone, Changchun, 130103, P.R.China
International Tel:+86-431-85603799
Email: sales@cnilaser.com
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