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Radar and Ranging
The principle of laser rangefinders
The basic principle of laser rangefinding radar is to calculate distance by emitting a laser beam and measuring the time it takes for the beam to travel from emission to reflection and back. A typical LiDAR system consists of a laser transmitter (TX), a receiver (RX), a processor, and a scanning mechanism. The laser transmitter emits a laser beam, which, after striking the target object, is reflected back and received by the receiver. The processor then calculates the distance based on the time difference between the emission and reception of the laser pulse12.
The specific method of laser ranging
Triangulation: By emitting a laser beam toward a target object and calculating the distance based on changes in the position of the reflected light, this method offers high measurement accuracy but has a relatively short operational range. It is commonly used for close-range measurements, such as robot navigation and industrial inspection².
Direct Time of Flight (DTOF): Distance is calculated by measuring the time difference between laser emission and reception. This method features fast response speed and high detection accuracy, making it suitable for long-distance measurements, such as autonomous driving and environmental mapping24.
Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) ranging: Distance is calculated by modulating the frequency of light waves and measuring the phase difference of the reflected light. This method features fast data acquisition, but signal attenuation and interference can affect accuracy when measuring long distances; it is suitable for medium- and short-range measurements24.
Indirect Time-of-Flight (iTOF): Distance is calculated by measuring the phase shift between emitted light and reflected light. This method achieves high accuracy over medium and short distances and is suitable for a variety of scenarios².
Application fields
Including, but not limited to:
Autonomous driving Used for detecting the vehicle's surrounding environment and avoiding obstacles.
Topographic mapping: For topographic surveying and mapmaking.
Robot navigation: For precise navigation of robots indoors and outdoors.
Remote sensing detection: Remote sensing measurements used in fields such as the atmosphere and oceans.
Through these principles and methods, laser ranging radar plays an important role in various fields, providing high-precision distance measurement and data acquisition capabilities.
Laser for laser ranging
The lasers used by Changchun New Industry for laser ranging radar are primarily applied in fields such as satellite laser ranging, high-precision thin-film measurement, integrated illumination-and-range laser ranging over long distances, topographic mapping, and autonomous driving. Commonly used wavelengths include the ultraviolet band at 266 nm and 355 nm, the visible-light band at 532 nm, and the near-infrared bands at 1064 nm, 1535 nm, and 1573 nm, among others.
Small-volume, kW-peak-power ranging laser | Laser for 100 mJ-class DPSS radar |
Lasers used in LiDAR systems have particularly high requirements due to their specialized application scenarios. They must be capable of operating over a wide temperature range—from -20°C to 55°C—and also meet stringent specifications for low atmospheric pressure, vibration, and shock. This ensures that the laser can maintain thermal and mechanical stability over the long term even under various harsh operating conditions.
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Integrated Laser Ranging Radar for Surveying and Mapping | Satellite laser ranging radar |
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Autonomous driving LiDAR | Topographic mapping LiDAR |
Changchun New Industries Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.
Address: No. 888 Jinhu Road, High-Tech Zone, Changchun, 130103, P.R.China
International Tel:+86-431-85603799
Email: sales@cnilaser.com
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